Spartans Industries, Inc. (Discount Stores)

Product Details

Historical Context

Spartans Industries, Inc. was the parent company of Charles Bassine's two discount retailers - Spartans and Atlantic Mills - and a Tennessee-based private label clothing manufacturer. It was originally known as the Sparta Manufacturing Company.

While the discount stores struggled, the clothing manufacturing arm thrived, providing shirts for such retail giants as Sears, Montgomery Ward and JC Penney.

In the mid 1960's Bassine's Spartan Industries merged with Korvettes - a New York based discount chain. Even though Spartan was half the size of Korvette's, it became the surviving corporate entity (though Korvette stores retained the Korvette name).

By the mid 60’s the Korvette organization was developing serious cracks, and the merger did little to remedy this. Sales growth had slowed down, the furniture, carpet and supermarket entities were dumped, and the company struggled to find a consistent identity that consumers would identify with. Fashion became the company’s focus, but was also its biggest problem, with the cheaper Sparta goods having replaced Korvette’s earlier private label lines. The two-story suburban store design also led to an unforeseen and vexing problem that was only discovered over time – the stores were patterned after the more upscale department store mode, where two or more levels are commonplace and escalators aren’t compatible with shopping carts. This goes against the grain of the department store shopper’s mindset, where one can “load up” their carts with bargains as they pass by. Without carts, people tend to be more selective, if only so they don’t have to lug the stuff around. To cite a modern day example, Kohl's has keyed into this and wisely offers carts.

In 1968, Eugene Ferkauf resigned and cut all ties with Korvette. The “Duke of Discounting”, a man who done a great deal to create and popularize an entire retail category was gone. From here, the Korvette story becomes a long series of management changes and failed merchandising strategies. New store growth was sharply cut back. Plans to expand into Florida, long a standard move of northeast-based retailers, were scuttled. In a very controversial move in 1971, Bassine sold control of the entire company to Arlen Realty and Development, which was run by Bassine’s son-in law, Arthur Cohen. Arlen was one of America’s largest real estate developers at the time, with major holdings in New York City and other top markets, and had built many of Korvette’s stores over the years.

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